What Type Of Science Do Physics And Chemistry Makeup

Overview of the branches of science

The branches of science, also referred to as sciences, "scientific fields", or "scientific disciplines," are commonly divided into three major groups:

• Formal sciences: the study of formal systems, such as those nether the branches of logic and mathematics, which apply an a priori, as opposed to empirical, methodology.
• Natural sciences: the study of natural phenomena (including cosmological, geological, physical, chemic, and biological factors of the universe). Natural science tin exist divided into two chief branches: physical science and life scientific discipline (or biology).
• Social sciences: the study of human beliefs in its social and cultural aspects.^{[1] [ better source needed ]}

Scientific knowledge must be based on appreciable phenomena and must exist capable of beingness verified by other researchers working under the same weather condition.^[ii] This verifiability may well vary fifty-fifty within a scientific discipline.^{[3] [4]}

Natural, social, and formal scientific discipline make up the fundamental sciences, which course the basis of interdisciplinarity- and applied sciences such as engineering science and medicine. Specialized scientific disciplines that exist in multiple categories may include parts of other scientific disciplines but often possess their own terminologies and expertises.^[5]

Formal sciences [edit]

The formal sciences are the branches of science that are concerned with formal systems, such as logic, mathematics, theoretical computer science, information theory, systems theory, decision theory, statistics.

Dissimilar other branches, the formal sciences are not concerned with the validity of theories based on observations in the real earth (empirical knowledge), but rather with the backdrop of formal systems based on definitions and rules. Hence at that place is disagreement on whether the formal sciences actually constitute a science. Methods of the formal sciences are, however, essential to the construction and testing of scientific models dealing with observable reality,^[6] and major advances in formal sciences have often enabled major advances in the empirical sciences.

Logic [edit]

Logic (from Greek: λογική , logikḗ , 'possessed of reason, intellectual, dialectical, argumentative')^{[seven] [8] [note one]} is the systematic report of valid rules of inference, i.due east. the relations that atomic number 82 to the acceptance of 1 proposition (the determination) on the basis of a set of other propositions (premises). More broadly, logic is the assay and appraisal of arguments.^[ix]

It has traditionally included the classification of arguments; the systematic exposition of the logical forms; the validity and soundness of deductive reasoning; the strength of anterior reasoning; the study of formal proofs and inference (including paradoxes and fallacies); and the study of syntax and semantics.

Historically, logic has been studied in philosophy (since ancient times) and mathematics (since the mid-19th century). More recently, logic has been studied in cognitive science, which draws on computer science, linguistics, philosophy and psychology, among other disciplines.

Data Science [edit]

Informatics [edit]

Mathematics [edit]

Mathematics, in the broadest sense, is just a synonym of formal scientific discipline; but traditionally mathematics means more specifically the coalition of iv areas: arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and analysis, which are, roughly speaking, the study of quantity, construction, space, and change respectively.

Statistics [edit]

Statistics is the study of the collection, system, and interpretation of data.^{[ten] [11]} It deals with all aspects of this, including the planning of data collection in terms of the blueprint of surveys and experiments.^[10]

A statistician is someone who is especially well versed in the ways of thinking necessary for the successful application of statistical analysis. Such people take frequently gained this experience through working in any of a broad number of fields. There is also a discipline called mathematical statistics, which is concerned with the theoretical basis of the discipline.

The discussion statistics, when referring to the science, is atypical, as in "Statistics is an art."^[12] This should non exist confused with the discussion statistic, referring to a quantity (such as mean or median) calculated from a prepare of data,^[13] whose plural is statistics ("this statistic seems incorrect" or "these statistics are misleading").

Systems theory [edit]

Systems theory is the transdisciplinary study of systems in general, to elucidate principles that can be practical to all types of systems in all fields of inquiry. The term does non even so accept a well-established, precise meaning, but systems theory can reasonably be considered a specialization of systems thinking and a generalization of systems scientific discipline. The term originates from Bertalanffy's Full general System Theory (GST) and is used in later efforts in other fields, such as the activity theory of Talcott Parsons and the sociological autopoiesis of Niklas Luhmann.

In this context the word systems is used to refer specifically to cocky-regulating systems, i.e. that are self-correcting through feedback. Cocky-regulating systems are plant in nature, including the physiological systems of our body, in local and global ecosystems, and climate.

Conclusion theory [edit]

Decision theory (or the theory of selection not to be confused with choice theory) is the study of an agent's choices.^[14] Decision theory can be broken into two branches: normative decision theory, which analyzes the outcomes of decisions or determines the optimal decisions given constraints and assumptions, and descriptive decision theory, which analyzes how agents actually make the decisions they do.

Conclusion theory is closely related to the field of game theory^[xv] and is an interdisciplinary topic, studied by economists, statisticians, psychologists, biologists,^[sixteen] political and other social scientists, philosophers,^[17] and reckoner scientists.

Empirical applications of this rich theory are usually done with the help of statistical and econometric methods.

Theoretical information science [edit]

Theoretical computer science (TCS) is a subset of full general computer science and mathematics that focuses on more mathematical topics of computing, and includes the theory of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM'south Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:^[eighteen]

TCS covers a broad variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed ciphering, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, data theory, cryptography, programme semantics and verification, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its accent on mathematical technique and rigor.

Natural science [edit]

Natural scientific discipline is a branch of science concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical show from observation and experimentation. Mechanisms such every bit peer review and repeatability of findings are used to try to ensure the validity of scientific advances.

Natural scientific discipline can be divided into ii main branches: life science and concrete science. Life scientific discipline is alternatively known as biology, and concrete scientific discipline is subdivided into branches: physics, chemical science, astronomy and Earth science. These branches of natural science may be farther divided into more specialized branches (besides known as fields)

Physical science [edit]

Concrete scientific discipline is an encompassing term for the branches of natural scientific discipline that written report non-living systems, in contrast to the life sciences. Nevertheless, the term "physical" creates an unintended, somewhat capricious distinction, since many branches of physical science also study biological phenomena. In that location is a difference betwixt physical scientific discipline and physics.

Physics [edit]

Physics (from Ancient Greek: φύσις, romanized: physis , lit.'nature') is a natural science that involves the written report of matter^{[note 2]} and its motion through spacetime, forth with related concepts such every bit energy and strength.^[20] More broadly, it is the general assay of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.^{[21] [22] [note three]}

Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines, perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy.^{[annotation iv]} Over the terminal two millennia, physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry, certain branches of mathematics, and biology, but during the Scientific Revolution in the 16th century, the natural sciences emerged as unique inquiry programs in their own right.^{[note v]} Certain enquiry areas are interdisciplinary, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, which means that the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries physicalism emerged every bit a major unifying feature of the philosophy of science equally physics provides central explanations for every observed natural miracle. New ideas in physics oftentimes explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences, while opening to new enquiry areas in mathematics and philosophy.

Chemistry [edit]

Chemistry (the etymology of the word has been much disputed)^{[notation half dozen]} is the science of matter and the changes it undergoes. The science of affair is also addressed past physics, but while physics takes a more than general and fundamental approach, chemistry is more specialized, being concerned past the composition, beliefs (or reaction), structure, and properties of affair, also as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions.^{[23] [24]} It is a concrete scientific discipline which studies various substances, atoms, molecules, and matter (particularly carbon based). Example sub-disciplines of chemistry include: biochemistry, the study of substances found in biological organisms; physical chemistry, the study of chemical processes using concrete concepts such as thermodynamics and quantum mechanics; and analytical chemistry, the analysis of fabric samples to gain an agreement of their chemical composition and structure. Many more specialized disciplines have emerged in recent years, e.g. neurochemistry the chemical study of the nervous system.

Earth science [edit]

World science (also known every bit geoscience, the geosciences or the Earth sciences) is an all-embracing term for the sciences related to the planet Earth.^[25] It is arguably a special case in planetary science, the Earth being the merely known life-bearing planet. At that place are both reductionist and holistic approaches to Earth sciences. The formal discipline of World sciences may include the report of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, as well as the solid earth. Typically Earth scientists will use tools from physics, chemistry, biology, geography, chronology and mathematics to build a quantitative agreement of how the Earth system works, and how it evolved to its current state.

Geology [edit]

Geology (from the Ancient Greek γῆ, gē ("earth") and -λoγία, -logia, ("study of", "soapbox")^{[26] [27]}) is an Globe science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they alter over time. Geology can also include the report of the solid features of any terrestrial planet or natural satellite such as Mars or the Moon. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth sciences, including hydrology and the atmospheric sciences, and so is treated as i major attribute of integrated Earth organisation science and planetary scientific discipline.

Oceanography [edit]

Oceanography, or marine science, is the co-operative of Earth science that studies the ocean. It covers a wide range of topics, including marine organisms and ecosystem dynamics; body of water currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and the geology of the seafloor; and fluxes of various chemic substances and physical properties within the sea and across its boundaries. These various topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers blend to further cognition of the earth ocean and understanding of processes within it: biological science, chemistry, geology, meteorology, and physics also equally geography.

Meteorology [edit]

Meteorology is the interdisciplinary scientific written report of the atmosphere. Studies in the field stretch back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did not occur until the 17th century. The 19th century saw breakthroughs occur later on observing networks developed across several countries. After the development of the calculator in the latter one-half of the 20th century, breakthroughs in weather forecasting were accomplished.

Space scientific discipline [edit]

Space science is the study of everything in outer space.^[28] This has sometimes been chosen astronomy, but recently astronomy has come to be regarded as a segmentation of broader space science, which has grown to include other related fields,^[29] such as studying issues related to space travel and space exploration (including space medicine), infinite archaeology^[30] and scientific discipline performed in outer space (see space research).

Life scientific discipline [edit]

Life science, also known as biology, is the natural science that studies life such as microorganisms, plants, and animals including human beings, – including their physical structure, chemic processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, evolution, and evolution.^[31] Despite the complication of the science, certain unifying concepts consolidate information technology into a single, coherent field. Biology recognizes the jail cell as the basic unit of measurement of life, genes every bit the basic unit of heredity, and development as the engine that propels the creation and extinction of species. Living organisms are open up systems that survive past transforming free energy and decreasing their local entropy^[32] to maintain a stable and vital condition defined as homeostasis.^[33]

Biochemistry [edit]

Biochemistry, or biological chemistry, is the study of chemic processes inside and relating to living organisms.^[34] It is a sub-discipline of both biology and chemistry, and from a reductionist point of view it is fundamental in biology. Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biological science, prison cell biology, genetics, and physiology.

Microbiology [edit]

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, those being unicellular (single cell), multicellular (prison cell colony), or acellular (lacking cells). Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, bacteriology, protistology, mycology, immunology and parasitology.

Phytology [edit]

Botany, too called plant science(southward), plant biology or phytology, is the science of constitute life and a co-operative of biology. Traditionally, botany has also included the report of fungi and algae past mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the written report of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists (in the strict sense) report approximately 410,000 species of state plants of which some 391,000 species are vascular plants (including approximately 369,000 species of flowering plants),^[35] and approximately 20,000 are bryophytes.^[36]

Zoology [edit]

Zoology ()^{[annotation 7]} is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, development, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems. The term is derived from Ancient Greek ζῷον, zōion, i.east. "animal" and λόγος, logos, i.e. "cognition, study".^[37] Some branches of zoology include: anthrozoology, arachnology, archaeozoology, cetology, embryology, entomology, helminthology, herpetology, histology, ichthyology, malacology, mammalogy, morphology, nematology, ornithology, palaeozoology, pathology, primatology, protozoology, taxonomy, and zoogeography.

Ecology [edit]

Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, "house", or "environs"; -λογία , "report of")^{[note 8]} is a co-operative of biology^[38] apropos interactions amongst organisms and their biophysical environment, which includes both biotic and abiotic components. Topics of interest include the biodiversity, distribution, biomass, and populations of organisms, also as cooperation and competition within and betwixt species. Ecosystems are dynamically interacting systems of organisms, the communities they make up, and the not-living components of their surround. Ecosystem processes, such as principal production, pedogenesis, food cycling, and niche construction, regulate the flux of energy and affair through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits.

[edit]

Social scientific discipline is the branch of science devoted to the report of societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies. The term was formerly used to refer to the field of sociology, the original "scientific discipline of society", established in the 19th century. In addition to sociology, it at present encompasses a wide assortment of academic disciplines, including anthropology, archæology, economics, homo geography, linguistics, political science, and psychology.

Positivist social scientists use methods resembling those of the natural sciences equally tools for agreement lodge, and and then define science in its stricter modern sense. Interpretivist social scientists, by dissimilarity, may use social critique or symbolic interpretation rather than constructing empirically falsifiable theories, and thus care for scientific discipline in its broader sense. In modern academic practice, researchers are oft eclectic, using multiple methodologies (for example, by combining both quantitative and qualitative research). The term "social enquiry" has also acquired a caste of autonomy every bit practitioners from various disciplines share in its aims and methods.

Applied sciences [edit]

Technology is the utilize of existing scientific cognition to practical goals, like technology or inventions.

Inside natural science, disciplines that are basic science develop basic information to explicate and perhaps predict phenomena in the natural world. Engineering is the use of scientific processes and knowledge every bit the means to achieve a particularly practical or useful result. This includes a broad range of applied scientific discipline-related fields, including engineering science and medicine.

Engineering can also utilize formal science, such as statistics and probability theory, as in epidemiology. Genetic epidemiology is an practical science applying both biological and statistical methods.

Relationships betwixt the branches [edit]

The relationships between the branches of science are summarized past the table^[39]

	Scientific discipline
	Formal science	Empirical sciences
		Natural science	Social science
Foundation	Logic; Mathematics; Statistics	Physics; Chemical science; Biology; Globe science; Astronomy	Economics; Political science; Sociology; Psychology; Cultural anthropology
Awarding	Figurer science	Engineering science; Agricultural science; Medicine; Dentistry; Pharmacy	Business administration; Jurisprudence; Pedagogy

Visualizations and metascience [edit]

OpenAlex and Scholia tin can be used to visualize and explore scientific fields and enquiry topics. Metascience refers to or includes a field of science that is about science itself.

Cluster network of scientific publications in relation to Nobel prizes.^[40]

A visualization of scientific outputs by field in OpenAlex.^[41]
A study can be part of multiple fields and lower numbers of papers is not necessarily detrimental for fields.

Graph illustrating the recent development or history of scientific outputs based on data in OpenAlex.org^[41]

See also [edit]

• Index of branches of science
• Listing of words ending in ology
• Outline of scientific discipline
  • Exact sciences
  • Bones research
  • Hard and soft science
• Branches of philosophy
  • Philosophy of science
• Applied science physics
• Human being science

Notes [edit]

1. ^ Too related to λόγος (logos), "word, thought, thought, argument, account, reason, or principle." (Liddell and Scott, 1999).
2. ^ Richard Feynman begins his Lectures with the atomic hypothesis, every bit his most compact statement of all scientific knowledge: "If, in some calamity, all of scientific noesis were to be destroyed, and but one judgement passed on to the side by side generations ..., what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe information technology is ... that all things are fabricated upwardly of atoms – little particles that move around in perpetual move, alluring each other when they are a lilliputian distance autonomously, just repelling upon being squeezed into one another. ..."^[19]
3. ^ The term 'universe' is divers as everything that physically exists: the entirety of space and time, all forms of affair, free energy and momentum, and the physical laws and constants that govern them. However, the term 'universe' may also exist used in slightly different contextual senses, denoting concepts such as the cosmos or the philosophical world
4. ^ Evidence exists that the earliest civilizations dating back to beyond 3000  BCE, such every bit the Sumerians, Ancient Egyptians, and the Indus Valley Civilization, all had a predictive knowledge and a very basic agreement of the motions of the Sunday, Moon, and stars.
5. ^ Francis Salary's 1620 Novum Organum was critical in the development of scientific method.
6. ^ Meet Chemistry (etymology) for possible origins of this word.
7. ^ The pronunciation of zoology as is typically regarded every bit nonstandard, though is not uncommon.
8. ^ In Ernst Haeckel's (1866) footnote where the term ecology originates, he besides gives attribute to Ancient Greek: χώρας, romanized: khōrā , lit.'χωρα', pregnant "dwelling place, distributional surface area" —quoted from Stauffer (1957).

References [edit]

Footnotes [edit]

1. ^ "social science | History, Disciplines, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 2020-08-eighteen .
2. ^ Popper 2002, p. 20.
3. ^ Davide Castelvecchi, Nature Magazine (2015-12-23). "Is String Theory science?". Scientific American. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
4. ^ Editorial Staff (2016-03-03). "Psychology's reproducibility trouble". Nature. Retrieved 2018-04-03 .
5. ^ Editorial Staff (March 7, 2008). "Scientific Method: Relationships among Scientific Paradigms". Seed mag. Archived from the original on March x, 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-12 . {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
6. ^ Popper 2002, pp. 79–82.
7. ^ Liddell, Henry George, and Robert Scott. 1940. "Logikos." A Greek–English Lexicon, edited by H. S. Jones with R. McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press. – via Perseus Project. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
8. ^ Harper, Douglas. 2020 [2001]. "logic (n.)." Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
9. ^ Gensler, Harry J. (2017) [2002]. "Chapter one: Introduction". Introduction to logic (3rd ed.). New York: Routledge. p. 1. doi:10.4324/9781315693361. ISBN9781138910591. OCLC 957680480.
10. ^ ^{a b} Dodge, Y. (2003) The Oxford Dictionary of Statistical Terms, OUP. ISBN 0-xix-920613-9
11. ^ "statistics". TheFreeDictionary.com . Retrieved 25 August 2020.
12. ^ "Statistics". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
13. ^ "Statistic". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
14. ^ Steele, Katie and Stefánsson, H. Orri, "Determination Theory", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2015 Edition), Edward Due north. Zalta (ed.), URL = [1]
15. ^ Myerson, Roger B. (1991). "1.two: Basic concepts of Decision Theory". Game theory analysis of conflict. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN9780674728615.
16. ^ Habibi I, Cheong R, Lipniacki T, Levchenko A, Emamian ES, Abdi A (April 2017). "Computation and measurement of jail cell decision making errors using single cell data". PLOS Computational Biology. 13 (4): e1005436. Bibcode:2017PLSCB..13E5436H. doi:10.1371/periodical.pcbi.1005436. PMC5397092. PMID 28379950.
17. ^ Hansson, Sven Ove. "Decision theory: A brief introduction." (2005) Department 1.two: A truly interdisciplinary field of study.
18. ^ "SIGACT". Retrieved 2017-01-19 .
19. ^ R.P. Feynman; R.B. Leighton; Matthew Sands (1963). The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Vol. 1. p. I-2. ISBN0-201-02116-1.
20. ^ J.C. Maxwell (1878). Matter and Movement. D. Van Nostrand. p. 9. ISBN0-486-66895-ix. Physical scientific discipline is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events.
21. ^ H.D. Immature; R.A. Freedman (2004). Academy Physics with Modernistic Physics (11th ed.). Addison Wesley. p. 2. Physics is an experimental science. Physicists observe the phenomena of nature and endeavor to find patterns and principles that relate these phenomena. These patterns are called physical theories or, when they are very well established and of broad use, concrete laws or principles.
22. ^ Due south. Holzner (2006). Physics for Dummies. Wiley. p. vii. ISBN0-470-61841-8. Physics is the report of your earth and the world and universe around you.
23. ^ "Definition of Chemical science". www.merriam-webster.com . Retrieved 24 Baronial 2020.
24. ^ "Definition of chemical science | Dictionary.com". www.dictionary.com . Retrieved 24 Baronial 2020.
25. ^ "WordNet Search: Earth science". wordnetweb.princeton.edu . Retrieved 23 August 2020.
26. ^ Harper, Douglas. "geology". Online Etymology Dictionary.
27. ^ γῆ . Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Projection
28. ^ "space science". TheFreeDictionary.com . Retrieved 2020-08-23 .
29. ^ National Infinite Science Data Centre (NSSDC) – NASA Science
30. ^ "Space scientific discipline | Define Space science at Lexicon.com".
31. ^ Based on definition from: "Aquarena Wetlands Project glossary of terms". Texas State Academy at San Marcos. Archived from the original on 2004-06-08.
32. ^ Davies, PC; Rieper, E; Tuszynski, JA (Jan 2013). "Self-organization and entropy reduction in a living prison cell". Bio Systems. 111 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.10.005. PMC3712629. PMID 23159919.
33. ^ Modell, Harold; Cliff, William; Michael, Joel; McFarland, Jenny; Wenderoth, Mary Pat; Wright, Ann (December 2015). "A physiologist'southward view of homeostasis". Advances in Physiology Teaching. 39 (four): 259–66. doi:ten.1152/advan.00107.2015. ISSN 1043-4046. PMC4669363. PMID 26628646.
34. ^ "Biological/Biochemistry". acs.org.
35. ^ RBG Kew (2016). The State of the World's Plants Study – 2016. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://stateoftheworldsplants.com/report/sotwp_2016.pdf Archived 2016-09-28 at the Wayback Motorcar
36. ^ "Bryophytes (Mosses and liverworts) — The Plant Listing". world wide web.theplantlist.org.
37. ^ "zoology". Online Etymology Dictionary.
38. ^ "the definition of ecology". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 21 Feb 2018. Retrieved twenty Feb 2018.
39. ^ Cohen, Eliel (2021). "The boundary lens: theorising academic actitity". The University and its Boundaries: Thriving or Surviving in the 21st Century 1st Edition. New York, New York: Routledge. pp. 14–41. ISBN0367562987.
40. ^ Ioannidis, John P. A.; Cristea, Ioana-Alina; Boyack, Kevin W. (29 July 2020). "Work honored by Nobel prizes clusters heavily in a few scientific fields". PLOS 1. 15 (vii): e0234612. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1534612I. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234612. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC7390258. PMID 32726312.
41. ^ ^{a b} "Open up Alex Data Evolution". observablehq.com . Retrieved xx Feb 2022.

Works cited [edit]

• Lagemaat, Richard van de (2006). Theory of Knowledge for the IB Diploma. Cambridge: Cambridge Academy Press. ISBN978-0-521-54298-2.
• Popper, Karl R. (2002) [1959]. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. New York, NY: Routledge Classics. ISBN0-415-27844-9. OCLC 59377149.
• Sandoz, Raphaël. "Interactive Historical Atlas of the Disciplines". University of Geneva . Retrieved twenty May 2019.

External links [edit]

• Branches of Scientific discipline, sciencemirror

What Type Of Science Do Physics And Chemistry Makeup,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branches_of_science

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